Preheat the oven to 400º F and coat a 2 1/2 quart baking dish (8x10) or a 9x13-inch casserole dish with cooking spray.
Slice the zucchini into 1/4-inch thick rounds and place them into a colander or mesh sieve and set it over a large bowl. Sprinkle the zucchini with salt and toss it to coat it evenly (sprinkle additional salt if needed, it will help remove the excess water). Let it sit for 20 minutes to remove the additional moisture.
Melt the butter in a Dutch oven or a large pot over medium heat. Add the onion and season with the pepper and remaining salt. Sauté until the onions become fragrant, about 5 minutes. Add the minced garlic and continue to cook for 30 more seconds.
Once the zucchini has drained add it to the pot and cook, stirring occasionally until soft, about 5 to 7 minutes.
In a large mixing bowl whisk the heavy cream, eggs, cheddar cheese, and 1/4 cup of parmesan cheese together. Add the zucchini and onion mixture to the cheese filling and gently fold it together. Pour the entire mixture into the prepared baking dish.
In a small bowl combine the panko breadcrumbs, the remaining parmesan cheese, and the melted butter. Sprinkle on top of the casserole (I like to spread it unevenly so some of the zucchini is peeking through the top).
Place the casserole into the oven to bake for 30 to 35 minutes or until the top has turned a golden brown and the center is set. Let it rest for 10 minutes before serving.